文章标题

THE OPEN LABYRINTH:PATRIMONY, TOURISM,AND ConFIGURATION IN BRAZILIAN HISTORICAL CENTERS

开放迷宫：巴西历史中心的遗产、旅游与配置

作者

RAQUEL EGÍDIO LEAL E SILVA; VALÉRIO AUGUSTO SOARES DE MEDEIROS

关键词

HERITAGE, SMALL TOWNS, HISTORIC CENTER, TOURISM, CONFIGURATION.

遗产、小城镇、历史中心、旅游、配置。

来源

本文来自于第十二届空间句法北京会议，文件夹“Cultural Heritage”，序号199

论文下载链接

http://www.12sssbeijing.com/proceedings/download.php?lang=en&class2=163

备注

【浙江工业大学理论课作业】

ABSTRACT

摘要

The paper intends to contribute for the discussion about the relevant elements for the urban space reading in historical Brazilian cities in order to foster planning and local tourism development.The methodological approach is support by the theories of the Social Logic of Space (Hillier, Hanson, 1984; Holanda, 2010; Medeiros, 2013) and Hospitality (Grinover, 2007; Ferraz, 2013).

本文旨在为探讨巴西历史城市空间解读的相关要素，以促进规划和当地旅游业的发展。该方法论得到了空间社会逻辑（Hillier，Hanson，1984；Holanda，2010；Medeiros，2013）和好客（Grinover，2007；Ferraz，2013）理论的支持。

The sample is compose by 12 small Brazilian historical settlements with a) up to 100 thousand inhabitants, b) disconnected from metropolitan agglomerations, c) that already present tourist activity connected to heritage, and d) ruled by a local master plan.

样本由12个小型的巴西历史定居点组成：a）达到10万居民及以上，b）与大都市群不相连，c）已经呈现出与遗产相关的旅游活动，d）受当地总体规划控制。

The study was based on the following research question: from a diachronic perspective, how does the configuration（布局） collaborate to comprehend（理解） the urban space in historical cities with touristic interest?

本研究以以下研究问题为基础：从历时的角度来看，历史名城中的城市空间形态是如何与旅游价值协同作用的？

Obtained results show that: a) the socioeconomic development, in general, marks the spatial configuration of the sample, producing moments of expansion and retraction, with several waves of occupation and filling of the territory,

所得结果表明:

a) 在一般情况下,社会经济发展标志着空间的结构示例,伴随着几波领土的占领和填充的浪潮,产生了膨胀和萎缩的时刻。

b) the cities, in general, prospered in their economic activities until the middle of the nineteenth century, when they went through decline, which is also perceived in the development of the urban layout and its spatial relations, readable by the configurational variables according to the Syntax of Space, and

b）一般来说,直到19世纪中叶，城市还在持续地进行繁荣的经济活动。当城市经历衰落时，城市布局的发展及其空间关系可以看出这一点，根据空间句法的配置变量也可以读出这一点。

 c) in the twentieth century, after the 1960´s, the settlements underwent physical changes due to fast growth in their dimensions - one reason was the rural exodus and the search for urban centers, even for small towns.

在20世纪在60年代之后，由于规模的快速增长，居民点经历了物质上的变化——其中一个原因是农村人口的外流和对城市中心的寻找，即使是很小的城镇的城市中心。

The configurational interpretation allowed identifying that the change in the space-time relationship compromised the performance of cities: changes that did not occur in 100 or 200 years of urban expansion happened suddenly in the last 70 years. The results were:

(1) urban system growth;

(2) progressive loss of connectivity, although not substantial;

(3) declining integration (accessibility);

(5) legibility and

(6) orientability.

通过构型的解释，可以发现时空关系的变化影响了城市的表现:在过去的70年里，在城市扩张的100年或200年里没有发生的变化突然发生了。所呈现的结果是：

（1） 城市体系增长；

（2） 连接性逐渐丧失，尽管不是实质性的；

（3） 集成度（可达性）下降；

（5） 易读性

（6） 方向性

 In all scenarios, however, the changes still result in spaces that perform better than those for Brazilian cities in general.Furthermore, when evaluating the measurements of historical centers, they are higher values than both the average of the systems and the Brazilian cities.

然而，在所有的场景中，这些变化仍然带来了总体上比巴西城市表现更好的空间。

此外，当评估历史中心的测量值时，它们高于系统和巴西城市的平均值。

These areas, which concentrate built space heritage (architectural and urban remains with touristic interest), also have better configurational relationships (they are the "oasis in the labyrinth", as described by Medeiros, 2013).

这些区域集中了建筑空间遗产(带有旅游价值的建筑和城市遗存)，也有更好的配置关系(如Medeiros,在2013年所描述的：它们是“迷宫中的绿洲”)。

Findings have suggested that a more closed or labyrinthine city in the configuration perspective usually has a more preserved collection of buildings and urban remains. The configuration via Spatial Syntax, thus, contributes to a more refined reading of the theme.

研究结果表明，从形态角度看，一个更加封闭或迷宫式的城市通常拥有更为保存完好的建筑和城市遗迹。因此，空间句法的结构有助于对主题进行更精细的解读。

REFERENCES

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Egídio, R., Medeiros, V. A. S. de(2016) Analysis of Urban Configuration Variables Applied to Small

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Hillier, B. Hanson J. (1984) The social logic of space, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Holanda, F. de (2002) O Espaço de Exceção, Editora Universidade de Brasília, Brasília.

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Medeiros, V. A. S. de (2013) Urbis Brasiliae: o Labirinto das Cidades Brasileiras, EdUnB, Brasília.

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不错的翻译，但是文中对CONFIGURATION这个关键词出现了多种不同的翻译，还可以仔细思考一下。Outstanding！